Composition takes several hours, depending mostly on how much I research the data or just pull from memory. For the longer posts I do the composition offline and paste it in.
I do concern myself with the idea that government can mandate religious institutions to act contrary to their beliefs. I also recognize that those religious institutions might not be right and there may exist good reason to interfere with them.
Take for instance Jehovah's Witnesses. It is a belief of their religion that forces them to refrain from receiving or giving blood transfusions. Several members of their church have died who have refused transfusions. Courts have, in the past, ordered the will of the parents to be disregarded when the patient in question is a child.
If Aztecs were alive today and lived in the U.S. I'm sure they'd be really upset that they couldn't sacrifice people to their manatee either. Sometimes there is good reason for the state to intervene in religious practices. I draw your attention to the word practices. Because it is the practices the government interferes with not the belief. You can believe what you like but when your practices interfere with the wellbeing of others, of your faith or not, then that seems to be where the state draws the line.
I think the best way to view the new requirement that these institutions pay for insurance coverage of contraceptives etc. is the following. People are not supporting the yews of what they do not believe in until someone in the coverage group actually uses it. If everyone in the group is a believing Catholic who follows all of those rules then no one is paying for contraceptives they don't believe in. So it basically it comes down to the argument "We don't want to pay for anyone who doesn't believe like us".
That is a really extreme viewpoint to take. If one takes it then I guess one shouldn't hire or admit to one's educational institution anyone who doesn't believe in the exact same practices as dictated by the doctrine of the religion to which one belongs. Otherwise one might be financing sin through health insurance.
I think what is disturbing about this viewpoint is that it also says "We don't want to take a chance on people choosing to do the right thing. So let's not give them the chance."
I said I wouldn't spend much time on point by point, but this one is probably the single most significant issue and uniquely modern, and cannot go unanswered (by society as a whole). SCOTUS will see it probably several more times before it's done.
Your analogy with the Aztecs is backwards, as is your analogy with the Jehovah's Witness, in relation to the current situation. By the law as written, Catholics are not being prevented from sacrificing people to a god (false or not), nor from administering lifesaving treatments. Catholics (and Jews, and Muslims, and for that matter any person, religious or otherwise, who has moral objections) are being REQUIRED TO PARTICIPATE IN MURDER. The examples you used are government intervention to preserve lives that would otherwise be lost. The issue at hand is the government intervening to destroy lives that otherwise would continue, normally and in good health (don't waste my time with health exceptions; no serious abortion advocate argues just for the exceptions, and I don't believe the current law is restricted to those), and requiring the participation of people who DO NOT WANT.
This situation is in limited ways similar to conscientious objectors to fighting in a war, except that no argument can be made that there is a just war, nor does abortion contribute to defense, collective or individual. Only in exceptional cases can the argument be made that there is no alternative provider; I'm not aware of any serious lack in availability of abortion or birth control, though I do know some people have to drive to get it. I find it difficult to believe that forcing the minority of medical personnel who object to participate would do much to alleviate any scarcity.
I could go into a discussion of the philosophy of law, the origin of rights, natural law (eternal moral law) vs human laws, the requirements for just laws, etc, but it would be rather extensive and better learned from better writers. The short version is that no law that is contrary to Natural Law, that is the eternal moral law, which is universal to all times and places and independent of religion, is not valid and is not owed the obedience of the citizens. This is why the government intervening to restrict the religious activity of Aztecs is morally (and therefore legally) legitimate, while intervening to expand abortion funding, force religious institutions to pay for it, and force objecting medical practitioners to participate is not morally (and therefore legally, by the First Amendment) legitimate; because abortion itself is not morally acceptable in the first place. It is the legitimate purpose of government to protect rights, and foremost among rights is life; it is a perversion of government to yews its power to take lives, or permit third parties to do so. We're all aware of the personal and collective self defense exceptions, but that's not the question here.
With this law, the government has now violated the spirit of the First Amendment. They have placed the government (all three branches) in the business of deciding what the exercise of religion requires, and what it doesn't. Who is the government to tell me that my religion is confined strictly to the reading of the Bible and a service on Sunday morning? It has been the doctrine of my Church for 2,000 years that abortion is in no way permissible, under any circumstances, and material cooperation, certainly in any direct way, is among the gravest of sins, and invokes the most serious eternal and temporal consequences that the Church is capable of invoking (excommunication). The exercise of my religion requires the non-participation in various non-negotiable moral issues, (including abortion, embryonic stem cell research, euthanasia/assisted suicide, cloning or similar procedures interfering with normal fertilization and development, and marriage as anything but one man and one woman, among numerous others, but those are the political questions of the day), certainly directly, but also indirectly to the greatest extent reasonably possible. This is what my religion has defined. If the government attempts to force my participation in these activities by any means, then they have put me in the position of choosing to obey my religion or my country's laws, and violated my First Amendment right to freely exercise my religion. It doesn't really matter if the AMA, APA, HHS, FDA, and every other permutation of letters organization decides that contraceptives and abortion qualify as “preventative medicine”. The Constitution is the supreme law and overrides any other political authority, regardless of what “the experts” and the polls say.
Would you support a law requiring Jews and Muslims to buy pork, in order to prop up the pork industry? Some pig farmers are out of work, and we can't have people without jobs because that's just not compassionate, so we need to have everyone buy pork so that the pig farmers can have jobs. How about a law requiring Amish to buy Fords? The auto workers gotta eat you know, and they can't do that if everyone doesn't buy their cars. It's in the common interest of course, because fewer people out of work means fewer people on welfare and less deficit spending. I could find any number of other examples but you get the point.
You want to separate church from state. By that you mean, you want to exclude the influence of religion on any activity that affects more than one's own immediate person; I'm not sure if one's immediate family is even protected any more (if the UN gets their way, they will make decisions about the welfare of children, against the beliefs and wishes of their parents). Now that the government is getting more active in health care, you want to exclude religion from health care. Do you realize that historically quite a lot of health care was religious? The Knights Hospitallers didn't get their name by accident. There are dozens of religious orders dedicated to providing health care. Nearly every major city has a Catholic hospital, generally founded and operated by (used to be anyway) a Catholic religious order.
I find it funny (ignorant more accurately, which is not an insult; the average person just doesn't spend much time thinking logically about difficult questions) when people say “Don't force your morality on me” (usually in defense of abortion etc). All law is nothing but enforced morality. You can find societies in history where polygamy, cannibalism, slavery, eugenics, infanticide, rape and anything else you care to name were acceptable, or at least not considered terrible enough to warrant consistent punishment. The question is not whether we are going to enforce morality through law, but which morality we are going to enforce. Since the cultural background of our society is primarily European Judeo-Christian, our laws (at least historically) largely reflect Christian morality.
Our society is/will tear itself apart if it cannot answer basic questions as: What is human life? When does it begin? Who has rights? Where do rights come from, when do they begin, can they be taken away? When does life and rights end? What is marriage? What is man? What is woman? To think that we can kick the can down the road on these questions is just as stupid as thinking we can kick the national debt can down the road indefinitely; however these decisions have far more serious and lasting consequences, on individuals and society.
Another good question is What is health care? The doctor's oath is, or at least used to be, “Do no harm.” Abortion is the termination of a human life. A five year old can identify a 16 week fetus as a “baby”; I could post the pictures again, but it's pretty obvious that abortion causes harm to one person, and to varying degrees the mother as well. For the medical personnel, they are also being asked to violate the purpose of their profession. It's really quite the same as a law requiring firefighters to burn some houses down, or police to rob some banks. Much fear-mongering is made by the abortion advocates that an outlawing of abortion would lead to pro-lifers dragging women to jail for having miscarriages and such. Before abortion was legal, it was the doctor/performer that was prosecuted for abortion, not the mother. It was assumed that the woman was taking such a desperate measure was a result of desperate circumstances, and was as much a victim as the child (in many cases, still true today). This is precisely for the reason mentioned above; it is a betrayal of the doctor's oath, in the generic sense of the word a “sacred” trust, with the ability to give and take life.
We cannot live as schizophrenics and hypocrites (though many people do), mandated by law to be one person in public and allowed to be “ourselves” only in private. The vocation of a Christian is to be light to the world, salt to the earth; to change the world one person at a time, not to be changed by it. Romans 12:2, among others: “Do not conform to the pattern of this world, but be transformed by the renewing of your mind.” We are whole persons, and carry our personality and identity with us everywhere we go. A doctor is a doctor everywhere he goes, and will get asked medical questions and be expected to respond if someone is injured. Likewise a priest, police, and many other professions, are expected to act in certain ways, even if they are not in their normal workplace and “clocked in”. Likewise, being a Christian is not a part time job, but an identity that should be the most important factor in determining behavior in all places at all times. It cannot be set aside or put “on hold” any more than a man on a business trip can put his marital status “on hold” and be unfaithful with another woman; his status as a husband is an identity that he is everywhere he goes.
A quote from some people's hero, copied directly from whitehouse.gov, on the day after the shooting:
This is our first task -- caring for our children. It’s our first job. If we don’t get that right, we don’t get anything right. That’s how, as a society, we will be judged. And by that measure, can we truly say, as a nation, that we are meeting our obligations? Can we honestly say that we’re doing enough to keep our children -- all of them -- safe from harm? Can we claim, as a nation, that we’re all together there, letting them know that they are loved, and teaching them to love in return? Can we say that we’re truly doing enough to give all the children of this country the chance they deserve to live out their lives in happiness and with purpose?
I’ve been reflecting on this the last few days, and if we’re honest with ourselves, the answer is no. We’re not doing enough. And we will have to change.
Damn straight Mr President. And this coming from the guy who voted against protecting infants born alive after failed abortions; I don't really care what his reasoning was. Granted the speech was probably written for him. I completely agree that deciding when life begins is above his pay grade; it's a matter of eternal truth, not a question for the law to decide at will. To think the latter goes against the philosophy recognized in the Declaration of Independence and Bill of Rights, that rights are something inherent in human nature.
Inevitably, as in so many cultures before, the Church (members) will wind up being subjected to the immoral dictates of a government unconcerned with the ultimate consequences of their decisions. It has been so throughout all of history, from the earliest persecutions of the Roman Empire, to the untold millions of martyrs in the 20th century under the regimes of the Communists et al. There is no reason that the United States is special. The Constitution is just paper; unless it is interpreted according to its original intent, made real through the thoughts and actions of those charged with its execution, respected with due honor, and if necessary modified through due process, it remains just another dead tree. The current regime, among a number of others, has shown clear intent to twist, avoid, and otherwise do what they damn well please, regardless of the Constitution. As the talk show hosts continually remind me, the reelection of Obama is not a mandate to throw the Constitution out and “fundamentally transform America”, though of course some people will take it as precisely that. It appears the majority of individuals are too weak, philosophically and morally, to be much concerned with political involvement beyond their own wallet and short term interests (most can't be bothered to be involved at all), which is the only reason such violations are permitted to exist. Such abuses could be stopped tomorrow if everyone who knew better would speak out and take a stand.